This episode follows Caligula from “Little Boots,” the adored son of Germanicus, to one of the most infamous rulers in Roman history: his rise under Tiberius, the illness that changed his reign, the deaths of rivals and family members, the war with the Senate, and the assassination that ended his dynasty.

In AD 37, Rome welcomed a young emperor from one of its most famous bloodlines, the son of Germanicus and heir to the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Less than four years later, Caligula was dead—cut down by his own guards in a palace corridor after a reign marked by executions, humiliation, divine pretensions, and growing terror at the center of imperial power.

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Links:

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Sources:

Suetonius. “The Life of Caligula.” The Twelve Caesars.

Cassius Dio. Roman History, Book 59.

Philo of Alexandria. On the Embassy to Gaius.

Josephus. Antiquities of the Jews, Book 19.

“Caligula.” Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Barrett, Anthony A. Caligula: The Abuse of Power. Routledge, 2015.

Winterling, Aloys. Caligula: A Biography. University of California Press, 2011.

Katz, Robert S. “The Illness of Caligula.” The Classical World, 1972.

Charry-Sánchez, Jorge D., et al. “Caligula: A Neuropsychiatric Explanation of His Madness.” Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2021.

Shotter, David. Caligula. Routledge, 2004.