• #401 The First Precision Medicine for Achondroplasia with Dr. Ravi Savarirayan
    Jul 3 2026
    Just a few years ago, there were no pharmacological treatments for patients with achondroplasia. Today, with multiple therapies on the market, the conversation has shifted from if we can treat to how we treat safely, consistently, and thoughtfully. In this third and final installment of our achondroplasia series, sponsored by BioMarin, we explore the recently published international consensus guidelines for vosoritide. These guidelines provide a roadmap for the entire treatment lifecycle, from the initial diagnosis and counseling to initiation, monitoring, and eventually, the transition off therapy. You can review the prescribing information for vosoritide here with additional safety information, including about the risk of low blood pressure. Joining us in-person all the way from Australia is the lead author of these guidelines, Dr. Ravi Savarirayan. Dr. Savarirayan is a global leader in skeletal dysplasia and has been a driving force in the clinical development of vosoritide from its earliest stages. Topics Discuss: The Journey of Vosoritide: Dr. Savarirayan shares his personal "why", from the early research phases to the clinical trials that changed the landscape of skeletal dysplasia care. Precision Medicine at the Molecular Level: How vosoritide acts as the first precision medicine approved for achondroplasia by targeting and counteracting overactive FGFR3 signaling, along with important safety information such as a risk for low blood pressure The International Guidelines: Why a global consensus was necessary and how it addresses gaps in real-world clinical practice. The Treatment Lifecycle: Counseling: Setting expectations and having the first conversation with families. Initiation: Practical tips for daily subcutaneous injections and establishing a routine. Safety & Monitoring: How clinicians monitor growth and manage safety considerations like hypotension across different age groups. Discontinuation: How to navigate growth plate closure and the transition off therapy. The Future of Care: How these guidelines will evolve as we gather more long-term, real-world data. Our Guest Dr. Ravi Savarirayan: Ravi Savarirayan is consultant clinical geneticist at Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Professorial fellow at the University of Melbourne, and Group leader (Molecular Therapies at Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Victoria, Australia. Professor Savarirayan received his MBBS from the University of Adelaide, Australia in 1990 and became a Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians in 1997. He was certified as a specialist in Clinical Genetics by the Human Genetics Society of Australasia in 1998 and was awarded his Doctor of Medicine from the University of Melbourne in 2004. He was awarded the Fulbright Professional Scholarship for Australia in 1998, and took this up at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Professor Savarirayan’s primary research focus is on inherited disorders of the skeleton causing short stature, arthritis, and osteoporosis. He has published over 230 peer-reviewed articles and received over $35M in research funding, collaborating with researchers from 40 countries. His current clinical trial activities are pioneering disruptive new therapies for the treatment of genetic disorders. He was the global lead investigator of the clinical development program that identified vosoritide as the first precision therapy for children with achondroplasia. He was recently named one of the 30 “Brilliant minds” of the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute over the past 30 years, was awarded the Institute’s research excellence award in 2020, and is an NHMRC Leadership Fellow. Summary: We talk about the journey to vosoritide, Dr. Ravi’s personal history with achondroplasia research, published treatment guidelines and how vosoritide is approved under accelerated approval to increase linear growth in pediatric patients with achondroplasia with open epiphyses. We also discuss the most serious side effect seen—transient decreases in blood pressure, which is why patients should have adequate food and fluid intake prior to administration. We also cover that it is a daily injection and that injection site reactions are the most common side effect and some patients also experienced vomiting, injection site urticaria, arthralgia, decreased blood pressure, and gastroenteritis. Those aren't all the side effects, so please refer to the prescribing information here for more information about vosoritide. Relevant Resources: Savarirayan, R., Hoover-Fong, J., Ozono, K. et al. International consensus guidelines on the implementation and monitoring of vosoritide therapy in individuals with achondroplasia. Nat Rev Endocrinol 21, 314–324 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-024-01074-9 ...
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    37 mins
  • #402 How Genetic Genealogy Caught the Golden State Killer
    Jul 10 2026
    What happens when DNA from a decades-old crime scene meets a family tree created generations later? That combination helped investigators identify the Golden State Killer and transformed how law enforcement approaches some of the country’s most difficult cold cases. Content warning: This episode includes discussions of murder, sexual assault, suicide, and other sensitive topics. In this episode of DNA Today, host Kira Dineen speaks with Paul Holes, a retired cold-case investigator, New York Times bestselling author, podcaster, and television host. During his 27-year career with the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s and District Attorney’s Offices, Paul worked on some of the most infamous cases in American criminal history, including the Zodiac murders, the kidnapping of Jaycee Dugard, and the investigation that ultimately identified Joseph DeAngelo as the Golden State Killer. Paul is also the author of Unmasked: My Life Solving America’s Cold Cases, co-host of the podcast Small Town Dicks, and one of the investigators featured in the television special Celebrity Crime Scene: Marilyn Monroe, available on Hulu. We explore the science, strategy, and ethical complexity behind cold-case investigations. Paul shares how investigators determine whether decades-old evidence still holds value, what kind of DNA evidence would be needed to scientifically resolve the Zodiac case, and why older biological samples create difficult decisions about whether to test now or preserve evidence for future technologies. The episode also dives into the landmark investigation that identified the Golden State Killer. Paul walks through how traditional forensic DNA databases failed to produce a match, why investigative genetic genealogy changed the direction of the case, and how distant relatives’ DNA helped investigators build family trees that eventually led to Joseph DeAngelo. Later in the episode, Paul discusses his latest project, Celebrity Crime Scene: Marilyn Monroe, and how modern virtual reconstruction can be used to reexamine a historic death scene more than six decades later. Episode Discussion Topics Cold-case investigations and how evidence is reexamined decades laterHow investigators decide which biological samples may still have forensic valueThe Zodiac Killer case and what would be needed to consider it scientifically solvedThe challenges of DNA evidence from stamps, envelopes, letters, and other handled itemsWhy finite evidence creates difficult decisions about testing now versus waiting for future technologyThe role of DNA in linking the Golden State Killer crimes before a suspect was identifiedWhy traditional forensic DNA databases did not solve the caseHow investigative genetic genealogy helped generate a new leadHow distant relatives’ DNA can help identify someone who never uploaded their own DNAThe scientific and investigative process behind building genealogical trees from crime-scene DNAHow investigators narrowed family branches until Joseph DeAngelo became a viable suspectReconstructing Marilyn Monroe’s final hours using virtual crime-scene technologyWhat records, photographs, reports, and witness statements can reveal in historical case reviews About Paul Holes Paul Holes is a retired cold-case investigator, New York Times bestselling author, podcaster, and television host. During his 27-year career with the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s and District Attorney’s Offices, he investigated some of the country’s most complex and high-profile cases, including the Zodiac murders, the kidnapping of Jaycee Dugard, and the Golden State Killer case. Paul’s work helped bring national attention to the power of investigative genetic genealogy, particularly through the identification of Joseph DeAngelo as the Golden State Killer. He is the author of Unmasked: My Life Solving America’s Cold Cases, co-host of Small Town Dicks, and appears in Celebrity Crime Scene: Marilyn Monroe. Resources Unmasked: My Life Solving America’s Cold Cases by Paul HolesSmall Town Dicks podcastCelebrity Crime Scene: Marilyn Monroe, available on Hulu Relevant DNA Today Podcast Episode #326: How DNA Solves Crimes: The Forensic Science Behind True Crime #131: DTC Series: Libby Copeland on Law Enforcement Use of Genetic Databases #130 DTC Series: Anne Greb on 23andMe Connect Luckily you don’t have to wait long for a brand-new episode of DNA Today, we drop episodes every Friday! Until then, why not dive into our library of over 400 episodes? Binge them all on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, our website, or wherever you love to listen, just search “DNA Today.” Prefer watching? We’ve got you covered! The video component of this episode is available on our YouTube channel and website. Some of these episodes were filmed at our home studio, the iconic NBC Universal Stamford Studios. DNA Today is hosted and produced by Kira Dineen, MS, LCGC, CG(ASCP)CM . Our Social Media Lead is Liv Davidson. Our Digital Marketing and Automation...
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    24 mins
  • #400 The Story Behind "DNA Today"
    Jun 26 2026
    Four hundred episodes. Nearly fourteen years of conversations. One podcast that began with a high school student, a Rock Band microphone, and a deep curiosity about genetics. For this milestone episode, DNA Today is turning the microphone around. Kira Dineen is joined by Jess Rizzo, a 2026 graduate of the Rutgers University Genetic Counseling Master’s Program, to look back at the evolution of DNA Today, from its earliest episodes in 2012 to becoming a multi-award-winning genetics podcast and the foundation for Gene Pool Media. Kira shares how the original idea for DNA Today came together, where the name came from, and what she remembers about recording those first episodes. She also reflects on the major turning points that shaped the podcast, including its first sponsorship, conversations with prominent leaders in genetics, and interviews that changed how she thinks about both science and storytelling. The conversation explores what makes someone an effective science communicator, what separates a good podcast guest from an unforgettable one, and how DNA Today expanded into Gene Pool Media. Kira also looks ahead to the future of the podcast and considers whether the version of herself who started the show in 2012 could ever have imagined reaching Episode 400. The episode concludes with a rapid-fire round of “DNA Today Superlatives,” featuring Kira’s dream guests, proudest episode production, most surprising topics, most popular episode, and the conversations that have had the greatest personal impact on her. An exciting announcement, since recording we learned we have been ranked number one on Million Podcast’s list of “Best DNA Podcasts in the US”. Thank you to our audience for sticking with us! Whether you have been listening since 2012, or last week. We appreciate your support in growing DNA Today over the last 14 years. About Host Kira Dineen Kira Dineen, MS, LCGC, CG(ASCP)CM (she/her) has 15 years of podcast experience fueled by a passion for science communication. She has hosted and/or produced a dozen podcasts, many of which are in her science podcast network: Gene Pool Media. Her flagship show, DNA Today, is in the top 1% of podcasts globally. Listeners Discover New Advances in the world of genetics through Kira’s interviews about genetic technology, disorders, and news. The show has won the Best Science and Medicine Podcast Award for three years, among others. Over the last 14 years, DNA Today has produced over 400 episodes with support from over 100 sponsors. She was accepted into The Podcast Academy and previously served on the National Society of Genetic Counselor’s Digital Ambassador program. Kira received her Diagnostic Genetic Bachelor’s of Science degree at the University of Connecticut and is a certified Cytogenetic Technologist. She received her Master’s of Science at Sarah Lawrence College and is a practicing licensed certified genetic counselor at a high risk pregnancy center in Connecticut. Kira serves as an adjunct faculty member at Bay Path University teaching Ethics and Reproductive Genetics. In This Episode, We Discuss How DNA Today began in 2012The story behind the podcast’s nameWhat the earliest recordings were likeHow the show has evolved over 400 episodesMajor episodes and guests that shaped the direction of the podcastThe first DNA Today sponsorship on Episode 100 (shoutout KGI) What makes a strong science communicatorThe qualities that make a podcast guest memorableHow Gene Pool Media grew out of DNA TodayThe lessons Kira has learned from interviewing patients, families, researchers, genetic counselors, physicians, advocates, and other expertsThe future of DNA Today and Gene Pool MediaKira’s favorite, most impactful, and most surprising episodes DNA Today Episodes Referenced #25: Hereditary Cancer Syndromes with Ellen Matloff #110: Analyzing Gattaca#142 Barbara Fortini on KGI’s Genomic Data Analytics#100: Human Hereditary with Carl Zimmer#211: Gene Patents with Jorge Contreras #264: XXY/Klinefelter Syndrome with Ryan Bregante#288 and #289: Sickle Cell Disease CRISPR Treatment with Victoria Gray#300: “The Man with 1,000 Kids” Netflix Doc with Eve Wiley and Laura #306: Human Genome Project and COVID-19 Leadership with Dr. Francis Collins#370: Genetics Wrapped: 2025 Top Advances in Genomic Medicine with Drs. Eric Green and Sarah Tishkoff#390: Pfeiffer Syndrome with Prince’s Wife/Co-Parent, Mayte Garcia Additional Resources Referenced Gene Pool Media: The Science Podcast Network Listen & Learn: A Rare Disease Podcast Course by Gene Pool MediaDNA Dialogues: The Official Podcast of the Journal of Genetic Counseling DNA Clarity and Support Podcast All Access DNA Podcast Mugglecast: A Harry Potter Podcast (2005-Present)Keck Graduate Institute Master of Science in Human Genetics and Genetic CounselingMaster of Science in Human Genetics and Genomic Data Analytics My Gene Counsel “My Medical Choice” Angelina Jolie’s NTY ...
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    35 mins
  • #399 How PKU Changed Newborn Screening Forever
    Jun 19 2026
    What condition helped spark the creation of newborn screening in the United States? It was Phenylketonuria, or PKU, a rare inherited metabolic disorder that forever changed how we identify and treat genetic conditions from the very start of life. In this in-person episode of DNA Today, we kick off a three-part series on phenylketonuria, better known as PKU, by looking at how one condition became central to a major public health shift. Host Kira Dineen is joined in person by Sarah Chamberlin and Ryan Miller to explore the scientific, clinical, historical, and deeply personal sides of PKU. We explore the history of newborn screening itself, including the work of Dr. Robert Guthrie and the development of the Guthrie card. Sarah brings a remarkable piece of history to the recording: the original stamp used to create early Guthrie cards. Ryan, Sarah, and Kira unpack why PKU remains both a newborn screening success story and an ongoing challenge. From treatment access and medical nutrition coverage to state-by-state differences in newborn screening panels and the promise and complexity of newborn sequencing, this episode shows why PKU is still shaping conversations about genetics, public health, and rare disease care. Thank you to PTC Therapeutics for sponsoring this three-part series on PKU. Our guests are participating in this podcast to share their experience and opinions only. They are not providing any medical advice. Always check with your healthcare provider for treatment and screening advice. Episode Discussion Topics Why PKU helped launch newborn screening in the United StatesWhat life was like for individuals with PKU before newborn screeningHow PKU affects the body on a metabolic levelThe role of phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiencyWhy elevated phenylalanine levels can impact brain developmentDr. Robert Guthrie’s role in developing newborn screeningThe history and significance of the Guthrie cardSarah’s experience learning her daughter’s newborn screen was flagged for PKUWhat confirmatory testing and early treatment looked like for IzzyHow newborn screening panels vary across statesWhat the Recommended Uniform Screening Panel, or RUSP, isGaps in access to medical formula and low-protein medical foodsWhy insurance coverage remains a major challenge for familiesThe promise and concerns around newborn sequencingHow clinicians can better support newly diagnosed familiesWhy connecting families with community early can be life-changingThe need for more metabolic geneticists, genetic counselors, and dietitians Guest Bios Sarah Chamberlin is a parent of a child with PKU and a founder and the Chief Program Officer of flok, a patient advocacy organization supporting individuals and families affected by inherited metabolic disorders. Ryan Miller is Senior Director, Field Medical Lead at PTC Therapeutics on the U.S. Medical Affairs Metabolism team, where he supports PKU. He is trained as a genetic counselor. Resources PKU / PhenylketonuriaPhenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency ACT SheetThe Newborn Screening Information Center (NBSIC)Recommended Uniform Screening Panel, or RUSPRUSP overview for familiesACMG Newborn Screening ACT Sheets and Algorithmsflok healthBaby’s First Test: Newborn Screening InformationNational PKU AllianceGuthrie-Kock Scholarships from flokDavid’s story of learning of an older brother with PKU who was institutionalized Referenced DNA Today Podcast Episode #394 How Newborn Sequencing Could Transform Pediatric Rare Disease Care in Florida Connect With Us Luckily you don’t have to wait long for a brand-new episode of DNA Today, we drop episodes every Friday! Until then, why not dive into our library of over 400 episodes? Binge them all on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, our website, or wherever you love to listen, just search “DNA Today.” Prefer watching? We’ve got you covered! The video component of this episode is available on our YouTube channel and website. Some of these episodes were filmed at our home studio, the iconic NBC Universal Stamford Studios. DNA Today is hosted and produced by Kira Dineen, MS, LCGC, CG(ASCP)CM . Our Social Media Lead is Liv Davidson. Our Digital Marketing and Automation Lead is Eric Knaus. And the Graphic Designer of our logo is Ashlyn Enokian, MS, CGC. See what else we are up to on Instagram, X (Twitter), BluSky, Threads, LinkedIn, Facebook, YouTube and our website, DNAToday.com. Questions/inquiries can be sent to info@DNAtoday.com.
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    40 mins
  • #398 Soil Microbiomes, Plant Genetics, and Groundswell with Nikki Reed and Rebecca Tickell
    Jun 12 2026
    What if the future of human health doesn’t just begin in the clinic, but in the soil? In this episode of DNA Today, we explore the new documentary Groundswell, the final chapter in the regenerative agriculture documentary trilogy that began with Kiss the Ground and continued with Common Ground. Narrated by Demi Moore and Woody Harrelson, Groundswell follows regenerative agriculture solutions across five continents, showing how restoring soil health can support biodiversity, food systems, local economies, climate resilience, and human health. This episode takes DNA Today into a different but deeply relevant corner of genetics and genomics. While we often focus on human genetics, Groundswell broadens the lens to show how genetics is embedded in entire ecosystems. Soil is alive with microbial diversity. Plants depend on complex relationships with bacteria, fungi, insects, and the environment around them. Crop diversity and seed diversity can influence resilience to drought, pests, disease, and changing climate conditions. Human health is also shaped not only by our DNA, but by the environments we live in, the food we eat, the water we drink, the chemicals we are exposed to, and the microbes we encounter. Joining us are Nikki Reed, co-producer of Groundswell, and Rebecca Harrell Tickell, co-director of the film. About Nikki Reed Many listeners will know Nikki from her role as Rosalie Hale in The Twilight Saga, as well as her work in Thirteen, which she co-wrote and starred in, and her role in The O.C. Beyond acting, Nikki is also a filmmaker, farmer, entrepreneur, and environmental advocate. About Rebecca Harrell Tickell Rebecca Harrell Tickell is an award-winning filmmaker, producer, and environmental activist whose work includes Kiss the Ground, Common Ground, and now Groundswell. Through this trilogy, Rebecca and her collaborators have helped bring regenerative agriculture into mainstream conversations about climate, food, health, and the future of farming. In This Episode, We Discuss How Nikki Reed’s experience in Twilight shaped the way she thinks about storytelling, cultural influence, and using her platform for impactWhy Nikki became involved in regenerative agriculture and how her connection to food, farming, and environmental advocacy became personalWhat regenerative agriculture means and how it differs from conventional agricultureWhy healthy soil is not just “dirt,” but a living ecosystem filled with microbes, fungi, roots, insects, and organic matterHow soil health connects to plant health, nutrient cycling, water retention, and ecosystem resilienceWhy biodiversity matters above and below ground, from soil microbial communities to crops, pollinators, insects, animals, and humansHow regenerative agriculture reframes food systems as regionally specific, community-based, and connected to local ecosystemsThe connection between food, chemical exposures, the environment, and gene-environment interactionsWhy the guests see regenerative agriculture as both a practical solution and a hopeful movementHow storytelling can help make complex topics like soil science, microbes, farming systems, and climate resilience more accessible Fact Check & Context This episode includes a passionate discussion about regenerative agriculture, pesticides, cancer, fertility, carbon, and soil health. As with many topics at the intersection of environment and health, the science is complex. Here are a few important clarifications and sources for our audience members who want to dig deeper. Cancer Rates The episode references concern about rising cancer rates, including pediatric cancer and cancers in younger adults. The most accurate summary is nuanced. For childhood and adolescent cancers in the U.S., a 2025 analysis found that age-standardized cancer incidence increased from 2001 to 2016, then decreased from 2016 to 2022. Cancer death rates among U.S. youth ages 0–19 also declined 24% from 2001 to 2021, according to CDC/NCHS data. Read the study in Cancer Discovery. At the same time, early-onset colorectal cancer has clearly been increasing. The American Cancer Society reports that colorectal cancer death rates in adults under 50 have increased by about 1% per year since 2004, even as rates have declined among many older adults. Researchers are actively studying potential contributors, including diet, obesity, sedentary behavior, environmental exposures, microbiome changes, and other factors, but there is not one single proven cause. Read more from the American Cancer Society. Pesticides, Epigenetics, and Fertility The episode discusses pesticides and their potential effects on human health. A careful way to frame this is that some pesticide exposures have been associated with biological effects, including possible epigenetic changes and reproductive health concerns, especially at higher or occupational exposure levels. Risk depends on the specific chemical, dose, route of exposure, timing, and individual ...
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    29 mins
  • #397 ABGC Recertification Changes: Learning Scenarios Explained for Genetic Counselors
    Jun 5 2026
    Recertification is changing for genetic counselors. The American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC) now requires completion of new Continuing Competence Learning Scenarios as part of maintaining the CGC credential. These are not traditional quizzes with one correct answer. Each scenario presents a complex genetic counseling situation, followed by reflective questions, peer rationales, and educational resources designed to support lifelong learning and continuing competence. To help us understand why this change was made and what genetic counselors need to know, we are joined by three guests from ABGC: Monica Marvin and Dr. Claire Davis, co-chairs of ABGC’s Continuing Competence Committee, and Heather Rich, Executive Director at Smithbucklin, who manages ABGC operations. We break down why these Learning Scenarios were created, how the requirement works, what counts toward recertification, and how ABGC is approaching competence in a field where many real-world situations are nuanced, reflective, and shaped by context. In This Episode, We Discuss: Why ABGC reevaluated the recertification process for certified genetic counselorsWhat was missing from a recertification model based primarily on CEUs or reexaminationWhat Continuing Competence Learning Scenarios are, and what they are notHow these scenarios differ from traditional quizzes or testsWhy there may be more than one thoughtful way to respond to a complex genetic counseling situationHow panelist rationales help Diplomates understand the reasoning of other competent practitionersHow the new requirement is being phased in based on recertification cycleWhat genetic counselors in current recertification cycles need to know about voluntary scenario completionHow each scenario earns 0.1 CEU and how those CEUs fit into existing recertification requirementsHow often new Learning Scenarios will be publishedHow scenarios are developed and reviewed by ABGC’s Continuing Competence CommitteeWhy review by the DEIJ Committee is an important part of the processHow Learning Scenarios can address complex topics such as bias, cultural humility, access, identity, and patient-centered careWhether future scenarios may expand beyond patient-facing clinical roles to include genetic counselors working as medical science liaisons, variant curators, educators, and other nontraditional roles The Panel: Monica Marvin, MS, CGC, is the Program Director for the University of Michigan Genetic Counseling Graduate Program and Clinical Professor of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics at the University of Michigan. Monica was the inaugural President of the Michigan Association of Genetic Counselors, the 2011 Chair of the National Society of Genetic Counselors Access and Service Delivery Committee and the 2014 Chair of the National Society of Genetic Counselors Payor Subcommittee. She also served on the Board of Directors for the National Society of Genetic Counselors in 2016 and 2017 and is a current member of the Accreditation Council of Genetic Counselors Program Review Committee. In addition, Monica serves on the Advisory Board for multiple genetic counseling programs, and is the co-chair of the American Board of Genetic Counselors Continuing Competence Committee. She received the 2014 Strategic Leader award from the National Society of Genetic Counselors and was instrumental in the 2018 passage of legislation to license genetic counselors in the state of Michigan. She is passionate about the provision of high-quality genetic counseling services. Claire Davis, EDD, MS, CGC has contributed to the learning, growth, and development of genetic counselors for 19 years. She received her Master of Science in Genetic Counseling from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in 2007. She earned a doctorate in Adult Learning and Leadership from Teachers College, Columbia University, completing a dissertation on how genetic counselors learn to incorporate innovations into their practice. A deep love of GC education prompted her to serve as a genetic counseling program director, course director, clinical supervisor, thesis advisor, simulation facilitator, committee volunteer, and author of articles and a book. She is currently Director of Curriculum for the Institute for Genomics at Sarah Lawrence College and Co-director of the Genome Health Analysis master’s program co-created with NYU Langone’s Grossman School of Medicine. Heather Rich, MPA, ICE-CCP, is an Executive Director with Smithbucklin, bringing over 20 years of experience in certification, including oversight of more than 23 credentialing programs. She currently serves as Executive Director for the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC). Ms. Rich possesses extensive expertise across all facets of certification, including governance, program development, and accreditation standards. She has successfully led multiple organizations through reaccreditation processes with both the American Board of Specialty ...
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    32 mins
  • #396 Gene Therapy for Anxiety? Precision Psychiatry through CRISPR & RNA
    May 29 2026
    Anxiety is one of the most common mental health conditions, but for many people, it can also feel deeply isolating. Current treatments such as therapy, SSRIs, and benzodiazepines can be life-changing, but they do not work for everyone, and they often manage symptoms rather than addressing the underlying biology of anxiety. In this episode of DNA Today, host Kira Dineen is joined by Dr. Troy Rohn, neuroscientist, professor at Boise State University, and Co-founder and Director of Preclinical Studies at Cognigenics. Dr. Rohn is also the author of Brain Medicine: Breakthroughs in Gene Therapy for Anxiety & Other Neuropsychiatric Disorders, a brand new book exploring how CRISPR, RNA interference, neurogenetics, and precision psychiatry could reshape the future of mental health treatment. We take a deeply personal and scientific look at anxiety. Dr. Rohn shares how his own experiences with chronic anxiety and PTSD helped inspire his work, while also explaining the brain biology behind anxiety, including the roles of serotonin, GABA, the amygdala, hippocampus, insula, and thalamus. A major focus of the episode is the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor, produced through the HTR2A gene, and why this receptor has become an important target in Dr. Rohn’s preclinical research. Kira and Dr. Rohn explore how today’s treatments broadly influence serotonin signaling, while emerging gene-based approaches may someday allow researchers to more precisely reduce or silence specific pathways involved in anxiety. The episode also breaks down the difference between CRISPR gene editing and RNA interference, including why reversibility, safety, off-target effects, and long-term consequences matter so much when discussing potential therapies for the brain. Dr. Rohn also explains one of the biggest challenges in the field: getting therapies across the blood-brain barrier. Because this science is still preclinical, the conversation also focuses on how to talk about hope responsibly. Could gene therapy someday help treat anxiety at its source? Possibly. But there are major scientific, regulatory, ethical, and access questions that need to be answered before these approaches could become part of clinical care. In This Episode, We Discuss: The lived experience of anxiety, PTSD, and chronic hypervigilanceWhy anxiety is shaped by both genes and environmentHow current anxiety treatments work, including SSRIs, benzodiazepines, CBT, and service animalsWhy SSRIs can help some people but fall short for othersThe role of serotonin, GABA, and brain circuits in anxietyWhat the 5-HT2A receptor is and why it mattersHow the HTR2A gene leads to production of the 5-HT2A receptor proteinThe difference between broadly changing serotonin levels and targeting a specific receptor pathwayHow CRISPR could be used to make more permanent DNA changesHow RNA interference could offer a more temporary or reversible way to reduce gene expressionWhat preclinical animal studies can and cannot tell usWhy the blood-brain barrier is such a major challenge for brain-targeted therapiesEthical questions around using gene therapy for mental health conditionsHow to balance scientific excitement with caution and realistic expectations Guest Bio Dr. Troy Rohn is a neuroscientist, professor at Boise State University, and Co-founder and Director of Preclinical Studies at Cognigenics. His research has focused on neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety, and memory impairment. In his book Brain Medicine: Breakthroughs in Gene Therapy for Anxiety & Other Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Dr. Rohn explores how gene therapy, CRISPR, RNA interference, and precision psychiatry could open new possibilities for treating anxiety and other brain-based conditions. About the Book Brain Medicine: Breakthroughs in Gene Therapy for Anxiety & Other Neuropsychiatric Disorders explores the future of mental health treatment through the lens of gene therapy and neurogenetics. Blending personal story with neuroscience, Dr. Troy Rohn examines how technologies like CRISPR and RNA interference may one day allow researchers to target anxiety-related pathways with greater precision than current medications. The book also addresses the scientific and ethical complexities of this field, including safety, access, regulatory approval, the blood-brain barrier, and the challenge of moving from promising preclinical research to human clinical trials. Key Terms 5-HT2A receptor: A serotonin receptor involved in brain signaling, mood, perception, cognition, and emotional processing. HTR2A gene: The gene that provides instructions for making the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor. SSRI: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a class of medications commonly used to treat anxiety and depression by increasing serotonin availability in the brain. Examples are Lexapro, Zoloft, Prozac, Paxil, among others. CRISPR: A gene-editing technology that can be used to make targeted changes to DNA. RNA ...
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    32 mins
  • #395 Mapping Melanoma: How Spatial Biology Is Advancing Cancer Research
    May 22 2026
    What if we could study melanoma not just cell by cell, but in the exact place those cells live inside the tumor? That is the promise of spatial biology. In this episode of DNA Today, we explore how emerging genomic technologies are transforming melanoma research by allowing scientists to examine not only which cells are present in a tumor, but where they are located, how they interact, and why those relationships matter. May is Melanoma Awareness Month, making this an important time to spotlight how tools like spatial transcriptomics, single-cell sequencing, and multiomics approaches are helping researchers better understand tumor behavior, immune response, and treatment resistance. Joining us are Professors Thomas Tüting and Andreas Braun, German dermatologists and researchers whose work focuses on melanoma, tumor immunology, and translational cancer research. We are also joined by Dr. Jia Hui Khoo, Product Manager at MGI, who brings expertise in spatial biology and the technologies helping make this research possible. Together, we discuss an exciting melanoma research project profiling human melanoma samples from the University Hospital Magdeburg’s biobank, using MGI’s DCSP approach, which spans DNA, cell omics, spatial omics, and proteomics. This work has the potential to deepen our understanding of melanoma biology, tumor heterogeneity, immune landscapes, and the future of precision oncology. In this Episode, We Discuss: How melanoma research and treatment have evolved, especially with the rise of immunology and immunotherapy.Why human melanoma biobanks are so valuable for translational cancer research.How spatial biology helps researchers understand tumors in context, not just as isolated cells.Why the location of cells within a tumor matters for understanding melanoma progression and immune response.How spatial transcriptomics and single-cell sequencing can reveal differences between patients who respond well to immunotherapy and those who do not.What researchers hope to learn by profiling STOmics spatial transcriptomics datasets alongside matched single-cell datasets from human melanoma and mouse models.How MGI’s DNBSEQ and STOmics technologies support oncology research.What MGI’s DCSP approach brings to melanoma research by integrating DNA, cell omics, spatial omics, and proteomics.Why high-resolution spatial technologies like Stereo-seq may be especially important for studying the tumor microenvironment.How multiomics research could eventually inform biomarker discovery, patient stratification, therapeutic development, and the future of human pathology. Guests: Professor Thomas Tüting, MD is Professor and Chairman of Dermatology at University Hospital Magdeburg in Germany, where his work focuses on tumor immunology, melanoma progression, metastasis, and resistance to cancer immunotherapy. He trained in dermatology at University Hospital Mainz and completed research training in experimental tumor immunology at the University of Pittsburgh. His research has explored how the immune system shapes melanoma biology, including the role of inflammation, tumor plasticity, and the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression and treatment response. In 2024, Professor Tüting was awarded an ERC Synergy Grant with collaborators at Uppsala University to advance immunotherapy research for malignant melanoma and brain tumors, with a focus on the vascular-immune interface and local anti-tumor immune activation. Professor Andreas D. Braun, MD is a dermatologist and researcher in the Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology at the University Hospital Schlewsig-Holstein in Lübeck. His research centers on melanoma biology, tumor progression, metastatic spread, and mechanisms that influence response or resistance to immunotherapy. Professor Braun has co-authored studies on topics including Hgf-Met and BRAF signaling in melanoma, tumor-intrinsic Toll-like receptor 4 signaling, MHC-I downregulation, CD8+ T-cell infiltration, and metastatic spread in melanoma. His work bridges clinical dermatology and translational cancer research, with a focus on using molecular and immunologic insights to better understand melanoma behavior and treatment response. Dr. Jia Hui Khoo specializes in spatial biology and single-cell technologies. She leads the DCS portfolio at MGI EU&AF, advancing the adoption of spatial biology solutions. DCS represents MGI’s three core technology areas: DNA genomics, cell omics, and spatial omics. She began her work at MGI by leading collaborations using Stereo-seq with research institutions across Europe and now drives product strategy for the company’s spatial multi-omics portfolio. Resources & Links MGI’s Stereo-seq Technology MGI’s Spatial Temporal Omics MGI Tech and NUS Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Collaborate on Multi-Omics DCS Lab Researchers from Uppsala and Magdeburg obtain an ERC Synergy Grant to advance cancer immunotherapy Relevant DNA ...
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    28 mins